Political Philosophy Essay -- essays research papers fc

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Every country in the world has a government that sets laws to keep order and peace. Not every government can be just in its ruling, but what defines a just ruling? And does anyone truly have the right to control others? Throughout time different types of governments have been established. As history progressed most governments were overthrown because of the laws that were imposed. Emperors and Kings changed to Presidents and Prime Ministers. This was caused by revolutions because the people did not like the way they were being ruled. But should people be ruled in the first place? Who should have the right to do such a thing? Today, the most powerful countries are run by democracy. But what is its purpose? It is supposed to carry out the will of the majority. So this means that someone will always be unhappy. Political philosophy deals with these sort of issues. Great minds such as Plato, Aristotle, Voltaire and Locke have looked at these issues and have tried to find the best possible answers.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In days of old, kings created laws in order to keep peace. Most of the laws were set for selfish reasons. As history progressed people felt that they were being ruled unfairly. So should laws even exist if there will always be someone who is receiving the â€Å"short end of the stick†? Is it not the purpose, of laws and rights, to help people live in a safe environment? This is the main purpose of laws; to keep order. The governments that we have today have so many laws because they keep trying to solve problems by creating more and more laws. There are even laws for creating laws. However, although they are supposed to be in the best interest of the people, laws limit their free will. Laws tell a person what they can or cannot do. Unfortunately, they are still essential because they keep most citizens safe. So therefore, set laws, although essential, limit the free will of people no matter how sophisticated or organized they are. To support this, the theor ies and opinions of John Locke, Hobbes, Voltaire, and Plato will be presented. The first three of these philosophers lived at approximately the same time period and all support the essentiality of laws, although they limit free will. Plato lived much earlier but still has his own views on government and how it should be run. This paper will use their theories o... ...en in Plato’s unusual utopian society where the philosophers are the government. The main idea that can be derived from these philosophers is that laws are essential because they make the lives of the citizens much safer and prosperous. It allows people to enjoy life rather than constantly watch their backs. The citizens give up a little of their free will in order to exercise another part of it. Bibliography Alistair Edwards and Jules Townshed. Interpreting Modern Political Philosophy: From Machiavelli to Marx. New York: Palgrave MacMillian, 2002. Dudley Knowles. Political Philosophy. Montreal: McGill- Queen’s University Press, 2001. John Gray. Voltaire: The Great Philosophers. New York: Routledge, 1999. Johann P. Sommerville. Thomas Hobbes: Political Ideas in Historical Context. Palgrave Macmillian, 1992. Jonathan Wolff. An Introduction to Political Philosophy. Oxford University Press, 1996. Michael J. White. Political Philosophy: A Historical Introduction. Oneworld Publications, 2004. Nicholas Jolley. Locke: His Philosophical Thought. Oxford University Press, 1999. Paul G. Paquette and Laura Gini- Newman. Philosophy: Questions and Theory. McGraw- Hill Ryerson, 2003. . Political Philosophy Essay -- essays research papers fc   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Every country in the world has a government that sets laws to keep order and peace. Not every government can be just in its ruling, but what defines a just ruling? And does anyone truly have the right to control others? Throughout time different types of governments have been established. As history progressed most governments were overthrown because of the laws that were imposed. Emperors and Kings changed to Presidents and Prime Ministers. This was caused by revolutions because the people did not like the way they were being ruled. But should people be ruled in the first place? Who should have the right to do such a thing? Today, the most powerful countries are run by democracy. But what is its purpose? It is supposed to carry out the will of the majority. So this means that someone will always be unhappy. Political philosophy deals with these sort of issues. Great minds such as Plato, Aristotle, Voltaire and Locke have looked at these issues and have tried to find the best possible answers.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In days of old, kings created laws in order to keep peace. Most of the laws were set for selfish reasons. As history progressed people felt that they were being ruled unfairly. So should laws even exist if there will always be someone who is receiving the â€Å"short end of the stick†? Is it not the purpose, of laws and rights, to help people live in a safe environment? This is the main purpose of laws; to keep order. The governments that we have today have so many laws because they keep trying to solve problems by creating more and more laws. There are even laws for creating laws. However, although they are supposed to be in the best interest of the people, laws limit their free will. Laws tell a person what they can or cannot do. Unfortunately, they are still essential because they keep most citizens safe. So therefore, set laws, although essential, limit the free will of people no matter how sophisticated or organized they are. To support this, the theor ies and opinions of John Locke, Hobbes, Voltaire, and Plato will be presented. The first three of these philosophers lived at approximately the same time period and all support the essentiality of laws, although they limit free will. Plato lived much earlier but still has his own views on government and how it should be run. This paper will use their theories o... ...en in Plato’s unusual utopian society where the philosophers are the government. The main idea that can be derived from these philosophers is that laws are essential because they make the lives of the citizens much safer and prosperous. It allows people to enjoy life rather than constantly watch their backs. The citizens give up a little of their free will in order to exercise another part of it. Bibliography Alistair Edwards and Jules Townshed. Interpreting Modern Political Philosophy: From Machiavelli to Marx. New York: Palgrave MacMillian, 2002. Dudley Knowles. Political Philosophy. Montreal: McGill- Queen’s University Press, 2001. John Gray. Voltaire: The Great Philosophers. New York: Routledge, 1999. Johann P. Sommerville. Thomas Hobbes: Political Ideas in Historical Context. Palgrave Macmillian, 1992. Jonathan Wolff. An Introduction to Political Philosophy. Oxford University Press, 1996. Michael J. White. Political Philosophy: A Historical Introduction. Oneworld Publications, 2004. Nicholas Jolley. Locke: His Philosophical Thought. Oxford University Press, 1999. Paul G. Paquette and Laura Gini- Newman. Philosophy: Questions and Theory. McGraw- Hill Ryerson, 2003. .

Feminist Interpretation of Hemingway’s Story

Portfolio Popovics Anamaria, An II, Romà ¢n?-Englez? L121A feminist interpretation of Hemingway's †Hills like White Elephants† Hemingway's works have largely covered the subject of feminism, and his short story †Hills like white elephants† perfectly portrays a woman who breaks the norms of a society dominated by men and masculinity. As we all know, feminism is a social movement , an ideology which focuses on achieving rights for women . Women should be equal to men in each and every way. In Hemingway's short story we have two important characters: The American and The Girl. It should be noted that we can acknowledge only from the nicknames the author gives us that †The American† seems to be superior from a plain old †Girl† . Is the girl American too ? Is she of another nationality? We aren't told this , but this makes us wonder just how important women were in the 20th century , how much they depended on men , how they didn't matter in society , how their feelings or opinions were pretty much non existent. This simple question gives a major clue on who is superior and who is inferior in the couple's relationship. Even from the beginning , when the Girl asks her partner about what they should drink , we can pretty much realise just how much she cares for her boyfriend's opinions and thoughts. It may seem just as a simple question , but if we analyze the whole text we surely get to the conclusion that the Girl really has surpressed feelings, frustrations , her own thoughts only get voice at the end of the short story , when she finally sees just how her relationship really is. The girl is clearly submissive to her dominant boyfriend, and she wants to do the things that please him. She is inferior in this case as she doesn't know the Spanish language, she can't order by herself, she depends on her boyfriend. I think that there are many famales who depend on their partner, but that it is much better to be an independent woman. Women shouldn't feel inferior to men, they should consider themselves as men's equals. The woman is clearly used to pleasing her boyfriend and doing whatever he wants.†Although â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† is primarily a conversation between the American man and his girlfriend, neither of the speakers truly communicates with the other, highlighting the rift between the two. Both talk, but neither listens or understands the other's point of view. Frustrated and placating, the American man will say almost anything to convince his girlfriend to have the operation, which, although never mentioned by name, is understood to be an abortion.†Ã‚  (Source : SparkNotes Editors. â€Å"SparkNote on Hills Like White Elephants.† SparkNotes.com. SparkNotes LLC. 2007. Web. 19 May 2017.) The American man's girlfriend is a girl who doesn't speak up when talking about the abortion. It is clear that she doesn't want to have it, and even though she doesn't argue with her boyfriend their conversation is really tensionate. She is the typical american girl in the 20th century, a girl that would to anything for the man she loves, not caring about the consequences. I would now like to talk about Jig's (the nickname the Girl is given by her boyfriend, we don't know her actual name) feminist journey thourought the really short story. At the beginning , she really seems to be willing to do anything she can to save her relationship , even have an operation , an abortion . I truly believe she wakes up at one point in the conversation and realises there is nothing to save , that an abortion can't fix what's already damaged in the relationship . The American is clearly oblivious to his girlfriend's or, better said, the mother of his unborn child's needs and true wishes, and he really pressures her to do something that mainly affects her, she should be the one taking the decision about having a child or not , not anyone else. One quote of the text regarding the feiminist awakening in the Girl's soul is particularly important and worth mentioning : † Then I'll do it, I don't care about me.†(Source : †Hills like white elephants, by Ernest Hemingway from Charters, Ann, Ed. The Story and its Writer: An Introduction to Short Fiction. 6th Ed. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's, 2003). This quote is especially relevant from a feminist point of view. Even though, at first, I actually thought that the woman wants to please her boyfriend and do as he wants her to do, I think that this is the moment she actually realises that everything she's done so far was only for him, she was careless when it came to her needs, her wishes and she is now actually waking up. She seems to realise just how much her dominant boyfriend is asking of her and she seems to have had enough. If we think about reporting this quote to real life we may say that women, even today, care about their partner's feeling more than they care about their own person. In today's relationships men try to dominate women and try to have the upper hand, and women are unfortunately are usually inferior to their partner and get to a point where they feel helpless, with low self-esteem and unhappy. Another quote that gives a glimpse of the Girl's realization that she does in fact want to keep the baby and doesn't want to have any operation at all is â€Å"But if I do it, then it will be nice again if I say things are like white elephants, and you'll like it?† (Source : †Hills like white elephants, by Ernest Hemingway from Charters, Ann, Ed. The Story and its Writer: An Introduction to Short Fiction. 6th Ed. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's, 2003) †By this point, midway through the story, the girl has already retracted her previous comment that the surrounding hills look like white elephants, hinting that she wants to keep the baby instead of having an abortion. The man had been upset at this, feigning indifference but pushing for the abortion because he doesn't want the child. Still hoping to save their broken relationship, the girl asks her boyfriend whether things between them will return to the way they used to be if she goes through with the abortion. Her indecision and desire to placate the man demonstrate her dependence on him. At the same time, however, the mere fact that she asks the question may imply that she believes that nothing can save their relationship.† (Source : SparkNotes Editors. â€Å"SparkNote on Hills Like White Elephants.† SparkNotes.com. SparkNotes LLC. 2007. Web. 19 May 2017) This quote unveils, once again, Jig's awakening. She subtly hints at the fact that she doesn't want to have the operation, but wants the relationship between her and the American to be a happy and successfull one, as it once was. She asks this question knowing that things may never be as they once were, she slowly realizes that the relationship has reached its finish, and that no operation can fix what made the couple grow apart. I feel like the Girl's feelings are finally surfacing, and that the American is at this point as clueless as he can be. The not so long conversation between the two is a real game changer for the relationship. The two aren't arguing or shouting, but the dialogue is really tensionate, it truly shows that there are a lot of things on the deeper level. The Girl is no longer just a plain girl, she has a voice, she has feelings and she is not afraid to speak up anymore, even though the one she is talking to doesn't understand much at all. In the end, I am completely sure that she is coming out of her submissive girfriend shell and that she realizes she can be an independent woman, taking care of a child without the help of its father. Hemingway doesn't actually tells us if the woman decides to have the abortion or not, but from all the subltle hints in the Girl's dialogue I think it is safe to assume that she is keeping the baby and getting out of the toxic relationship with her overly dominant boyfriend. To conclude my essay, I would like to state the fact that this short story is truly a story of a woman who has her feminist awakening, a woman who gets out of the cage she's been kept in by her dominant partner, a woman who finally speaks up her mind. Hemingway ingeniously brings to life an independent, strong woman, and a real life situation common to our days.

Martin Luther King Jr.s Letter From Birmingham Jail

From 1882-1968, 4,743 lynchings occurred in the United States (NAACP). African Americans accounted for 72.2% of recorded lynchings, yet close to none of these lynchings were ever brought justice. Racial injustice was a huge issue until the mid-late twentieth century, and Martin Luther King Jr.’s 1963 â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail† was one of the first documents to address the issue. It is one of history’s most important documents regarding racial injustice, as it is considered a classic document of the civil-rights movement. King wrote the letter while he was in jail for parading without a permit, one of 29 misdemeanor offences King was arrested for (history.com). He wrote it in response to a previous letter from eight southern white†¦show more content†¦According to Christian teachings, people’s souls are given by God before birth, souls give people their identities, souls make people human. In saying that segregation distorts the soul K ing is indirectly stating that segregation takes away their humanity. Simple things that white people take for granted, African Americans struggle through everyday. God never intended for there to be unjust laws, for God never intended for there to be sin. Unjust laws damage and distort human personality, by allowing sin to happen without consequence. Because these men are participating in such awful actions without punishment, they end up letting themselves believe that things like lynching and segregation are normal. Here King references another saint, St. Thomas Aquinas, who like St. Augustine builds King’s ethos through his own. What King is doing is nothing new, as the idea of civil disobedience had been â€Å"practiced superbly by the early Christians† like â€Å"Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego,† three men who were ordered to worship a statue of their king but refused, for it went against one of the ten commandments, â€Å"Thou shalt have no other gods before me.† When it was revealed to King Nebuchadnezzar that they had defied him, they were thrown into a scalding furnace. Although they should have been killed instantly, their faith in God was so strong that they walked out of the furnace completely unharmed. These men andShow MoreRelatedMartin Luther King Jr. s Letter From A Birmingham Jail1157 Words   |  5 PagesMartin Luther King Jr.’s â€Å"Letter from a Birmingham Jail† is directed towards the clergymen, although America is his audience, King had come to Birmingham to address the segregation problem in the United States. He refuses to stay silent, even thoug h people told him to wait for the change to happen. King is a part of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference that has many organizations across the South. He felt that he has a right to be in Birmingham because his organizations have connections withRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr. s Letter From Birmingham Jail934 Words   |  4 PagesIn Martin Luther King Jr.’s , â€Å" Letter from Birmingham Jail†, King responds to the judgments of a group of clergymen , after King s arrest, by writing a letter explaining why the clergymen s judgments were wrong. In his letter, king brings very reasonable and valid points that challenge the judgments of the ministers. The main arguments that king makes would be the reason of his existence in Birmingham, white power structure and its racial injustice, and finally why negotiation has brought up impatienceRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr. s Letter From Birmingham Jail1223 Words   |  5 PagesMartin Luther King, Jr.’s, †Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail,† emphasizes the need for civil disobedience when faced with unjust laws. This idea contradicts Socrates’ claim made in Crito, that one must follow the law under all circumstances. In this paper, I will argue that Socrates is not a proponent of civil disobedience based on King’s definition of civil disobedience and Socrates’ charges. Moreover, I will argue that both Socrates and King disagree with one another based on the concept of civilRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr s Letter From Birmingham Jail1665 Words   |  7 Pagesbetween these two are most evident in their desire for freedom. Martin Luther King Jr. wanted freedom from segregation and Plato wanted freedom from ignorance. They both wanted justice, and knew that it was immoral to take deny another being justice. For example, Plato has said, â€Å"†¦ Injustice is always an evil and dishonor to him who acts unjustly.† This is similar to what Martin Luther King Jr has also stated in â€Å"Letters from Birmingham Jail†, â€Å"We have a moral responsibility to disobey any law that conflictsRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr.s Letter From Birmingham Jail1726 Words   |  7 PagesOver the course of Letter from Birmingham Jail (1963), the author, Martin Luther King Jr., makes extended allusions to multiple philosophers, among them Aquinas and Socrates. His comparison would seem to indicate that he shares an affinity with them. However, the clarity with which he makes his arguments and the dedication to a single premise strikes most strongly of Kant. Just as Kant’s magnum opus, Critique of Pure Reason, attempted to completely upend a previously accepted mode of thought, soRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr.’S Persuasion in â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail†1569 Words   |  7 PagesMartin Luther King Jr.’s Persuasion in â€Å"Letter From Birmingham Jail† After being arrested and imprisoned in Birmingham Jail, Martin Luther King Jr. wrote one of his most famous works to the people of Birmingham, titled â€Å"Letter From Birmingham Jail on April 16, 1963. This piece speaks of the evils of the segregation laws and how the blacks had been treated unfairly in Birmingham, in an attempt to get the white people to support the desegregation of Birmingham. He had been imprisoned because of hisRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr.’s Letter from Birmingham Jail Essay1266 Words   |  6 PagesPower Analysis: Martin Luther King Jr.’s Letter from Birmingham Jail A statement from eight white clergymen from Alabama prompted Martin Luther King’s â€Å"Letter From Birmingham Jail†. This statement criticized Kings actions of non-violent protests against racial segregation and the injustice of unequal civil rights in America (Carpenter elt al.). The eight clergymen considered Birmingham to be â€Å"their† town and King was disrupting the â€Å"Law and Order and Common Sense† established in coping with racialRead MoreAnalysis Of Martin Luther King Jr s Letter From Birmingham Jail986 Words   |  4 Pages and Dr. Martin Luther King Jr’s Letter from Birmingham Jail are two important pieces of history. In Lincoln’s speech he speaks about the dangers of slavery in the United States and warned everybody that people who disrespected American laws could destroy the United States. On the other hand, Martin Luther King Jr. defended the strategy of nonviolent resistance to racism, and argued that people have a mora l responsibility to break unjust laws. Based on these facts, Martin Luther King Jr does notRead MoreAnalysis of Martin Luther King Jr.s Letter from Birmingham Jail962 Words   |  4 Pagesintangible, it is still necessary. Some forms of inspiration come as passionate love while others appeal as injustice. Martin Luther King Jr.s Letter from Birmingham Jail was a response to A Call for Unity by eight white clergymen. His inspiration for writing the letter was the clergymens unjust proposals and the letter allowed him to present his rebuttal. Martin Luther King Jr. effectively crafted his counter argument by first directly addressing his audience, the clergymen, and then using logosRead More Martin Luther King Jr.s Letter from Birmingham Jail Essay1149 Words   |  5 PagesMartin Luther King Jr.s Letter from Birmingham Jail   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Martin Luther King Jr. writes the Clergymen that have written him a letter disputing his actions in Birmingham. King is disturbed and offended by the Clergymen disagreeing with his purpose in Birmingham. King say he normally does not respond to criticism because it would waste to much precious time, but since these were men of good will he wanted to give his answers to their statements. In Kings letter he appeals to many emotions as

Death Penalty Is Cruel And Unusual Punishment - 1706 Words

The legal executions first started in California when it was under the Practices Act in 1851. Then in February 14th 1872 it was put in the Penal Code. Capital punish in counties continued until an amendment by the legislature in 1891 said that it could only happen in the State Prisons picked by the court. The first state execution in California happens on March 3rd 1893 at San Quentin and the first one in Folsom was on December 13th 1895. In the 1937’s the legislature decided that instead of hanging people they were going to use lethal gas. This did not affect the people that were already sentenced to be hanged and the last hanging was in December 3rd 1937 at Folsom and the last hanging in Quentin was hold on May 1st 1942. Twenty-five years after 1967 because of the United States Supreme Court choices there were no executions. In 1962 the Supreme Court thought that death penalty as cruel and unusual punishment. Because of this 107 people had their sentences changed to someth ing that was not death. In November 1972 nine months after they had this choice the California electorate amended the state constitution overruled it. Then in 1973 the Supreme Court decided that the death penalty was unconstitutional. The California legislation was passed in 1973, which meant that the death penalty could only happen under certain conditions. These conditions were kidnapping if the person dies, train wrecking if any person dies, assault by a life prisoner if the victim dies within aShow MoreRelatedThe Death Penalty Is Cruel And Unusual Punishment988 Words   |  4 PagesThe death penalty has been around for centuries. It dates back to when Hammurabi had his laws codified; it was â€Å"an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth†. Capital punishment in America started when spies were caught, put on trial and hung. In the past and still today people argue that, the death penalty is cruel, unusual punishment and should be illegal. Yet many people argue that it is in fact justifiable and it is not cruel and unusual. Capital punishment is not cruel and unusual; the death penaltyRead MoreThe Death Penalty Is Cruel And Unusual Punishment1432 Words   |  6 PagesSome people think that abolishing the death penalty would cause criminals to commit more capital crimes. Although to some degree this is true, I believe that if a criminal is going to commit any capital crime his or her first thought is how can I get away with this? Most criminal may not even think about getting caught. For me this statement applies to the mentally ill convicts, which is one of the reasons why I’m against the death penalty. Besides the execution of an mentally ill person these areRead MoreDeath Penalty : Cruel And Unusual Punishment?1192 Words   |  5 PagesDeath Penalty: Cruel and Unusual Punishment? Yvette Y. Rushing Northwest Florida State College Abstract The death penalty has been has been questioned about whether it is a reasonable sentence based on our 8th Amendment Right which protects us from cruel and unusual punishment. In the 1976, Gregg v. Georgia case the U. S. Supreme Court has chose to uphold the death penalty. The only way an offender can be sentenced to the death penalty is if they have intentionally taken the life of theRead MoreIs the Death Penalty Cruel and Unusual Punishment? Essay1245 Words   |  5 PagesCapital punishment remains a cause for debate with people continuing to disagree on what cruel and unusual punishment consists of. Cruel and unusual punishment being defined as torture or a deliberately degrading punishment, in no way does the death penalty fall into this category. Having the death penalty in our society deters potential violent offenders from committing crimes, saves the government money, and guarantees that offenders will not commit these crimes again. The United States shouldRead MoreThe Death Penalty Is A Form Of Cruel And Unusual Punishment1421 Words   |  6 PagesThe death penalty till this day remains to be a very controversial topic. Some people may argue that it should be considered a form of cruel and unusual punishment; others may rebuttal in saying that the death penalty is capital punishment. When visiting the idea of placing someone to death one must bear in mind the possibility of condemning an innocent person through such torture, the brutalizing effect on society it may leave, and the serious psychological trauma that a defendants family and friendsRead More The Death Penalty is Cruel and Unusual Punishment Essay examples1331 Words   |  6 PagesThe death penalty does not punish people for killing but for murdering someone. Murder is the unlawful, malicious, or permitted killing of one human being by another (Carmical 1). The slogan should be ?We execute people t o show people that murder is wrong.? The death penalty is racist, it punishes the poor, it causes the innocent to die, it is not a deterrent against violent crime, and it is cruel and unusual punishment. The death penalty is wrong and it should be abolished. The death penaltyRead More Capital Punishment Essay - Death Penalty is Neither Cruel Nor Unusual1166 Words   |  5 PagesDeath Penalty is Neither Cruel Nor Unusual A man sits immobile in a steel chair with a metal cap resting on his bald head. A priest reads selections from the Bible telling him he will go to Heaven if he confesses his sins to God. The man just smiles as the security guard pulls the switch, and one thousand volts of electricity flows through the mans body. His entire frame shakes in convulsions as his head bobs up and down with the shock. In a couple of seconds the mans life is over. The priestRead MoreThe Argument Of Cruel And Unusual Punishment1293 Words   |  6 Pagesnor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.† Specifically, the idea of cruel and unusual punishment has been a topic of dispute since its inception. Although the United States practiced execution as a punishment beforehand, â€Å"the Supreme Court did not address the death penalty issue until 1972.† It is often debated how we are to define cruel and unusual because of the vague nature of the terms. Because it is thought that the terms were kept vague in order to keep up with new forms of cruel andRead MoreThe Death Penalty Of Capital Punishment903 Words   |  4 PagesDeath Penalty Capital punishment have been a main debate on whether it is a cruel and unusual punishment and what it actually consist of. Even though the death penalty has been abolished in most of the western nation, the United States remain to practice the activity. The death penalty is perceived by an abolitionist as a form of cruel, unusual punishment. The idea comes from the fact that the death penalty deny the criminal their right to life. The judgment to execute criminals comes from governmentRead MoreThe Debate Over Capital Punishment936 Words   |  4 PagesThe debate over capital punishment is in regards to whether the death penalty contradicts the Eighth Amendment. If the death penalty does contradict the Eight Amendment, then the State should not have the power to sentence criminals to death for capital crimes. However, if capital punishment is not against the Eighth Amendment, then the State has the right to sentence criminals to death. In this essay I will first summarize Justice Br ennan’s argument on why the death penalty is beyond the power of

We ve Only Just Begun - 1406 Words

â€Å"We’ve only just begun† opens an incredible career to Karen Carpenter. Although being a famous American singer always seems a fairy tale, Karen did not completely experience this magical experience all the way long. Anorexia nervosa disorder escorted Karen from her entrance in the celebrity world to her last breath. This psychological disorder is marked by abnormal eating habits and accompanied by distress or obsession of weigh. Three criteria defined this eating disorder. The first criterion defined in the DSM-V, the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, is the â€Å"restriction of energy intake relative to requirements, leading to a significantly low body weight in the contact of age, sex, developmental trajectory, and physical health. Significantly low weight is defined as a weight that is less than minimally normal or, for children and adolescents, less than that minimally expected† (Davison, Blankstein, Flett, Neale, 2013). In other words, the energy intake would be lower than the energy needed for the body to function and assure normal activities of an individual. It results in the weight of the individual to fall below a normal weight when different characteristics as the age, sex, developmental trajectory and physical health are taken into consideration. Karen Carpenter respects the first criteria of anorexia nervosa. Indeed, as a child, Karen Carpenter was overweight and was worried about her weight but seemed to love sugar and eating more thanShow MoreRelatedMy Mom And I Had An Unbreakable Bond From The Day I Was Born1658 Words   |  7 PagesAlthough she was a single mother, we had an amazing amount of support from family. I grew up surrounded by three loving uncles and two magnificent grandparents. So, technically, we weren t â€Å"alone.† But in many ways, it was just her and I, which made us have a relationship many people can t say they have with their mom, and she taught me so many things thr oughout the years. As I reminisce, I recall many absents of my mother. She wasn t leaving because she wanted to, but only to support and care me, makingRead MoreAn Unbreakable Bond From The Day I Was Born1661 Words   |  7 PagesAlthough she was a single mother, we had an amazing amount of support from family. I grew up surrounded by three loving uncles and two magnificent grandparents. So, technically, we weren t â€Å"alone.† But in many ways, it was just her and I, which made us have a relationship many people can t say they have with their mom, and she taught me so many things throughout the years. As I reminisce, I recall many absents of my mother. She wasn t leaving because she wanted to, but only to support and care me, makingRead MoreTennis Is On The Right Track By Giving Equal Prize Money1505 Words   |  7 Pagessport and with the success of the Williams sister’s barriers have begun to dissolve but it’s still an issue that needs fixing. Tennis has a long standing history that like many other sports has been around for a long time. There is thin evidence to suggest that tennis has been around for thousands of years suggesting that the Egyptians, Greeks and Romans had played it (Barzum). However, for many tennis is known to have really begun in London in 1874 Major Walter C. Wingfield patented the game ofRead MoreWho Is The Right Decision?1202 Words   |  5 PagesBell tomorrow evening. In the meantime, instructions had been given for him to go ahead with testing the device, which would remain a secret to most until the facts were certified. 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Question: Discuss about the Analysis of Tassal Management Australia. Answer: Introduction Tassal is an Australian company established in 1986 that deals with seafood, specializing in the production andmarketing of Atlantic salmon. The salmon products are distributed in wholesale and retail to both the local and international market. For production, Tassal has more than three hatcheries that produce an estimated 10 million smolt each year. The company started as a private company but this changed in 2003 when it went public and was listed on the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX). Tassal is headed by its Chief Executive Officer and Managing Director, Mark Ryan. The Head Office handling Tassals operations is located in Hobart and their two retail stores are in Salamanca and Kew. Operations at Tassal include the production of healthy fish at the hatcheries, processing in their three processing facilities, the sale and distribution of both branded and unbranded products. A lot of other operations meant to add value to the process also take place along the way. Tassal produc ts are distributed in wholesale and retail to the local Australian market and the international market consisting of Asia and New Zealand (Hobday and Cvitanovic 2017). Due to the sensitive nature of the processes involved in aquaculture, there are impacts of Tassal operations to the environment. This could arise from the technology used in the production of fish or the effect of fish farming on the environment and society. The integration of sustainability practices has become necessary for the successful performance of a company in contrast to the previous times where the only factor to be considered was making a profit (Stead and Stead 2013). Sustainability ensures the negative effects to the environment resulting from the operations carried out at a company are minimal (Do, 2013). Tassal has also been recognized globally for its sustainability practices in the company through ASC certification and its partnership with WWF. The aquaculture industry in Tasmania expanding rapidly and expecting further growth, numerous fish production companies have come up. Despite Tassal being the largest producer in of Salmon in Tasmania, it faces stiff competition from Petuna Seafoods and Huon Aquaculture among others. Planning Tassals mission is to create a better tomorrow which involves the integration of their operations with innovation and sustainability. Bring sustainable well-being and health to consumers, the environment and everyone involved is the mission Tassal has set for itself. The company has sought to achieve this mission through making the production of healthy fish a priority. The focus here is on the healthy meals fed to the fish, reduced use of antibiotics and selective breeding which does not involve genetic modification. Collaboration with the companys employees, customers, suppliers, stakeholders, and employees is how Tassal plans to achieve their mission and vision. Tassal defines their culture and business through their values and 5 Ps. The 5Ps stand for people, product, planet, profit, and process. The values that Tassal runs on include being passionate, owning it, operating safely and achieving their goals together. These values guide the quality of their products, attitude, commit ment, and how they work (Locke and Latham 2013). The goals set by Tassal seem to revolve around creating a zero harm environment for the employees, maintaining the well-being of stakeholders and ensuring their actions do not harm the environment. Some of the goals set by Tassal for the fiscal year 2014 include responsible operations alongside wildlife, ensure continued alignment of factory practices with the environment and improved communication with stakeholders. These goals can be described to take up a modern approach since the alignment of operations with the best sustainable methods require dealing with current states in the case of regulations, society and the environment. Sustainability has been incorporated into these goals in such a way that when better communication with stakeholders is accomplished, raised concerns that could be threatening their wellbeing are addressed. Alignment of the operations in Tassal with responsible practices means that they will eliminate or minimize any identified harmful effect to the enviro nment (Shields et al. 2015). Responsible operations along wildlife mean that the companys operation will not endanger the health of the wildlife. Human Resources Management Human resources management is designed to optimize employees performance while aligning this performance to the companys objectives (Fee 2014). Tassal is one the leading employers in Tasmania and has received an award for the best employer. This was awarded to Tassal because of their exceptional commitment to their people. The companys policy makes sure the locals are considered for employment. Locals who may not have the required expertise are offered training by the company. Tassal also employs a human resources initiative that uses a performance management system that engages both the salaried and non-salaried employees. This initiative ensures the non-salaried employees are up to the task in terms of the required the skills and salaried employees are performing at their best capability. The system also uses Margate Processing which is based on awards to keep the employees motivated. The right workforce for Tassal was chosen by offering equal opportunities to all future employees without discrimination brought by the diversity of future employees (Jabbour and Santos 2008). Tassal has made sure its investment in their employees is not only aimed at profit but also for the growth and development of talent. This is made evident by the learning and development sessions handled within the company and externally. Tassal also protects its employees through the zero harm policy employed by the company. The zero harm policy is meant to be implemented by both the employees and Tassal in order to effectively offer protection during all operations. This works for the employees in such a way that none of the tasks required of them is more important than their safety. The can do safely approach taken up by the Tassal workforce ensures that there are no risks allowed to take place throughout the operations at Tassal (Christenson et al. 2017). Sustainable practices by the human resource management employ the zero harm system. The Zero Harm aims at achieving zero incidents causing lost time injury, zero fatalities, zero incidents that are preventable and zero breaches of the regulations set by WHS management system. The HRM is also responsible for hiring employees meant specifically to maintain sustainability at Tassal. This includes the professionals hired to maintain the health of the fish (Leith and Haward 2014). Leadership Tassal is headed by a board of directors who are assigned special responsibilities to head in the company. This method is effective as it allows them to focus on the specific areas and improve on them. The styles of leadership used by the board of directors and the CEO can be described as strategic (Du et al. 2013). This is because the decisions made by the leaders are done in such a way that they align with the companys core values that focus on preserving the well-being of people and the environment. Transformational leadership can also be used to describe the case of Tassal. Decisions made by the leaders to adopt responsible practices in terms of sustainability have changed the company into a globally recognized sustainable aquaculture company. The company also came to serve as a benchmark for the integration of a companys operations with the responsible practices. These decisions include the partnering of Tassal with WWF and the decision to align specific operations with sustaina ble practices. Mark Ryan, the CEO of Tassal, received the CEO Award from The Richard Pratt Banksia Foundation. This was meant to recognise his efforts towards driving the company towards sustainability in Australia and making Tassal the benchmark for the adoption of sustainability by other companies (MacManus 2013). The CEO is passionate about sustainability and his unrelenting focus on sustainability has resulted in the adoption of responsible practices at Tassal. Mark, who is also the managing director of Tassal, mentioned in a statement his acknowledgement that in the 21st century making profits was not sole priority of a business and this would be shown clearly in the example of Tassal. Social and environmental responsibility is necessary in order to satisfy the expectations of the stakeholders, community and customers. Mark exhibited charismatic leadership as his passion to embrace sustainability influence the employees to act accordingly. His leadership was also influential in the sense that it made Tassal a role model for incorporation of sustainability practices in Australian fish farming. Under Marks leadership, Tassal has partnered with the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) Australia seeking for expert advice on how to employ their sustainability practice. This partnership proved its worth by an analysis of the changes it has impacted. The WWF has seen Tassal eliminate the use of the paint used in pens and nets that may contain harmful copper components. The amount of feed provided to the fish has also greatly reduced the effect on the stocks of wild fish (Wild-Allen et al 2010). WWF has also provided great support for research projects aimed at improving the fishing industry. The CEO of Tassal has also led the company to gain its Aquaculture Stewardship Council (ASC) certification, which has been described as the highest standard globally offered for farming fish responsibly. This attracts customers who are conscious about engaging with companies that maintain environmental sustainability (Caliyurt and Yksel 2016). Controlling the Value Chain and Technology The incorporation of sustainability practices in their fish farming operations led Tassal to receive gold standard ASC certification. This was aided by Tassals effort, in collaboration with WWF, to engage in responsible practices with regard to the environment, management, and monitoring the nutrients. In an effort to expand its market, Tassal acquired De Costi Seafoods. This means that Tassal now caters for the salmon and seafood market, rather than just salmon. The CEO stated this as an effort toward growth and through maximizing consumption of seafood at a domestic level and economies of scale, Tassal stood to benefit from the whole seafood and salmon food chain (Bilinelli 2016). The research and development initiatives which Tassal heavily invests in, may sometimes require introduction of new technology (Christopher 2016). The marine inspector and cleaner is one of the technologies that Tassal has taken up for the cleaning net system and they reported improved fish stock growth as well as increased survival rates. The innovation eliminates the need for antifouling paint which may be harmful to marine life. Tassal also tries to use the latest technologies available in the production of smolt while still ensuring their effect on the environment is minimal. Technology has also been adopted by Tassal to transform the conversion rate of the fish feeds to more sustainable amounts. Tassal, in collaboration with Intuit technologies, developed a system aimed at monitoring the conditions of salmon farming through video feeds and environmental sensors. Value chain sustainability is seen in the case of Tassal where the company collaborates with WWF in order to receive advice from the experts on how to embrace sustainability in their operations. Mark Ryan implemented this decision in an effort to address the need to introduce sustainable practices at various stages of the companys operations adding value to them. These led to more responsible practices at the production level such as better health of the fish through the reduced use of antibiotics. There was also a reduced effect on wild fish which was achieved through the massive reduction of the use of fish as a feed in Tassal. These among other changes made in collaboration with WWF effectively add value to the products produced at Tassal while appealing to customers in their bid to conserve the environment by protecting it from harmful substances. Recommendations and Future Strategies Tassal should continuously invest in the development of further innovative solutions for use their operations. This is because the industry relies on technology for the high quality products while still being environmentally and socially responsible (Brooks 2013). This recommendation will involve a greater focus by the research and development team in trying to optimize production with zero harm with minimal negative effects on sustainability. Feedback from key stakeholders is gathered and issues relating to the management of certain operations identified. This information will be made accessible to the department involved in coming up with the appropriate innovative solutions. Tasmania is the leading producer of sea products in Australia and for this reason, Tassal faces a lot of competition. Consumers have a wide range of products to choose from and have the option of going for alternatives that are cheaper. The sale of Tassal products may therefore be too dependent on the demand which may vary from time to time. Tassal have the option of addressing this issue by building customer loyalty to their brand. High sustainability standards and the quality of the product based on their production could be some of the selling points that Tassal could utilize. This will all be done strategically in themarketing operations of the company with an aim of building customer loyalty and promoting sustainability (King 2016). Frequent internal audits to evaluate the state of the operational procedures within the company could also be taken up by Tassal. This will detect the need for necessary upgrades early enough and warn the company of potential hazards that risk puttin g the fish, employees, consumers, society or environment in danger (Holmen, Utne Haugen 2017). These audits will also keep Tassal compliant with the necessary regulations taken into account in the certification that the company wants to achieve. Focus on practices that are responsible will be taken into consideration during these audits. Appropriate action will be taken on all areas identified to be lacking or requiring adjustments. Conclusion It is evident that management decisions made at Tassal have improved their operations and led them to be among the best companies in the Tasmanian aquaculture industry. Tassals commitment to remain socially and environmentally responsible under the leadership of Mark Ryan has put the organisation ahead of its competition in the industry. This commitment has also brought the company recognition and set the pace for other companies to ensure they engage in sustainable operations. Investment in further innovative solutions, regular assessment on Tassals management and its contribution to the companys success are required to give Tassal a competitive edge and promote its growth and development. References Brooks, K., 2013. Ecologically Sustainable Development: engagement, citizenship, or just market edge? Exploring the social dimension. In Engaged Environmental Citizenship. Charles Darwin University Press. Bilinelli, L., 2016. Valuing the use of Corporate Social Responsibility in Australian food industry (Bachelor's thesis, Universit Ca'Foscari Venezia). Caliyurt, K., and Yksel, . ed., 2016. Sustainability and Management: An International Perspective. Routledge. Christenson, J.K., O'Kane, G.M., Farmery, A.K. and McManus, A., 2017. The barriers and drivers of seafood consumption in Australia: A narrative literature review. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 41(3), pp.299-311. Christopher, M., 2016. Logistics supply chain management. Pearson UK. Do, A.A.C., 2013. Genetic improvement of Atlantic salmon in Tasmania. Du, S., Swaen, V., Lindgreen, A. and Sen, S., 2013. The roles of leadership styles in corporate social responsibility. Journal of business ethics, 114(1), pp.155-169. Fee, M.C., 2014. Human resources management. Holmen, I.M., Utne, I.B. and Haugen, S., 2017. Organisational safety indicators in aquaculturea preliminary study. Hobday, A.J. and Cvitanovic, C., 2017. Preparing Australian fisheries for the critical decade: insights from the past 25 years. Marine and Freshwater Research. Jabbour, C.J.C. and Santos, F.C.A., 2008. The central role of human resource management in the search for sustainable organizations. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 19(12), pp.2133-2154. King, A.S., 2016. Staying ahead of the game: a framework for effective aquaculture decision-making (Doctoral dissertation, University of Tasmania). Leith, P., Ogier, E. and Haward, M., 2014. Science and social license: defining environmental sustainability of Atlantic salmon aquaculture in south-eastern Tasmania, Australia. Social Epistemology, 28(3-4), pp.277-296. Locke, E.A. and Latham, G.P. eds., 2013. New developments in goal setting and task performance. Routledge. McManus, G., 2013. One that almost got away. Management Today, (May 2013), p.26. Shields, J., Brown, M., Kaine, S., Dolle-Samuel, C., North-Samardzic, A., McLean, P., Johns, R., Robinson, J., O'Leary, P. and Plimmer, G., 2015. Managing Employee Performance Reward: Concepts, Practices, Strategies. Cambridge University Press. Stead, J.G. and Stead, W.E., 2013. Sustainable strategic management. ME Sharpe.Walker, H. and Jones, N., 2012. Sustainable supply chain management across the UK private sector. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 17(1), pp.15-28. Wild-Allen, K., Herzfeld, M., Thompson, P.A., Rosebrock, U., Parslow, J. and Volkman, J.K., 2010. Applied coastal biogeochemical modelling to quantify the environmental impact of fish farm nutrients and inform managers. Journal of Marine Systems, 81(1), pp.134-14

The rental hearts Essay Example For Students

The rental hearts Essay When you are in love its like everything in your life seems better, but when you break up and your heart breaks its like everything that was good before shatters. But what if there was a way for you not to feel the heartbreak. Thats the reality in the story The rental heart. In the story we get introduced to a world where instead Of feeling the pain Of heartbreaks, you can just change your heart at the local heart rental place. The main character in the story is a person who we never get to know. We never get a name or even a specific gender, sometimes we get the feeling that its a ay and sometime we get the feeling that maybe it might be a girl, sometimes you could even wonder if the main character just switches gender like he/she switches between the sex of his/her lover. Her pierced little mouth, her stickier boots, her hands as small as Goosebumps writing numbers on my palm in this quote you kind of get the feeling of a male narrator, the girl is described as small compared to him, but then again in this quote: Every time Jacob touched me, I felt my heart thud wetly against my lungs the feelings the narrator goes through here are described in a very feminism matter. So maybe gender just doesnt exist in their world, that would also explain how he can just change the gender of the partner he is with without giving it any thought. We will write a custom essay on The rental hearts specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now This is why we will never be 100% curtain what gender the narrator is, but I will however refer to the narrator as a guy throughout the essay. The whole story is a Retrospect of the main characters life, he starts out by saying something about his current life and then goes back to telling about all the relationships he has had during a 10-year period. His first love was a guy named Jacob, it seems as though he meets him at quite a young age And our love was owing to last forever, which at our age meant six months. It appears like they had the average teen romance, they fall hard and fast for each Other and in the end when Jacob walks away from the relationship he leaves the main character with a broken heart. After Jacob leaves him It would appear like our main character starts drinking to numb the pain but the parts of me that wanted to give Anna were long gone, down the gutters of the city, mixed with the chemicals of forgetting for a year he mourns the loss of his relationship w ith Jacob and then he meets Anna. Anna is a retreat of fresh air to him, she shows him an escape from all the pain he is feeling and how he can love again. She heals his broken heart by giving him a new one, just like the one she has and then they begin a relationship of their own. Anna later runs away and he then changes his heart to a new one. He then meets Will and they become an item, but one day while they are going through airport security he find out that Will has a real heart and this freaks him out a bit it wasnt until the plane was taxiing that realized Will had not beeped. Pent the whole flight wire-jawed with my paperback open to page one, unable o stop thinking about the contents of wills chest he gets overwhelmed by the fact that Will has a real flesh and blood heart, it is something they dont discuss and when they break up, seems as though he cant stop thinking about the fact that he has now been the one to shatter somebody elses heart. After Will he has a couple Of Other relationships and by the end Of it he changes his normal go to heart rental place because he starts feel uncomfortable coming there. .u08cfc6f6ac8798bd3517d8157e5680cc , .u08cfc6f6ac8798bd3517d8157e5680cc .postImageUrl , .u08cfc6f6ac8798bd3517d8157e5680cc .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u08cfc6f6ac8798bd3517d8157e5680cc , .u08cfc6f6ac8798bd3517d8157e5680cc:hover , .u08cfc6f6ac8798bd3517d8157e5680cc:visited , .u08cfc6f6ac8798bd3517d8157e5680cc:active { border:0!important; } .u08cfc6f6ac8798bd3517d8157e5680cc .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u08cfc6f6ac8798bd3517d8157e5680cc { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u08cfc6f6ac8798bd3517d8157e5680cc:active , .u08cfc6f6ac8798bd3517d8157e5680cc:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u08cfc6f6ac8798bd3517d8157e5680cc .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u08cfc6f6ac8798bd3517d8157e5680cc .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u08cfc6f6ac8798bd3517d8157e5680cc .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u08cfc6f6ac8798bd3517d8157e5680cc .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u08cfc6f6ac8798bd3517d8157e5680cc:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u08cfc6f6ac8798bd3517d8157e5680cc .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u08cfc6f6ac8798bd3517d8157e5680cc .u08cfc6f6ac8798bd3517d8157e5680cc-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u08cfc6f6ac8798bd3517d8157e5680cc:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Hard Times Introduction EssayA couple of years later he finds himself meeting a girl one night while he is out, he immediately changes his heart and then engages in a relationship with a RL name grace, whom he stays with till the end of the story. The short story is a science fiction story and that basically means that there is some imaginative but more or less plausible content in it. One of the things that points out to us as readers that the story is science fiction is the fact that the characters literally pops their chests open and takes out their hearts which is a thing that is impossible to do in our world. One off the other interesting features in this text is the way the main character so casually changes between having relationships with men and women, He is what we would call a bisexual, Being bisexual is a thing that is more and more easily excepted as normal now a day, but it is still quite interesting how in this story it seems like it is completely normal, the main character doesnt seem to think there is anything wrong or abnormal about it. The same goes for his way of viewing sex, it seems as though every new relationship our main character gets into starts by them having sex. This points out to us as a reader that Whatever place our main character lives in is a very open-minded place, it could maybe be in the future, since the morals of society seem to be getting looser and looser through out the ages, but wherever t is, this could be interpreted as one of the science fiction elements in the Story. In the story every time he changes harts he talks about how the technology has moved forward or how his new heart looks, its quite interesting because it seems as though he gets a new type for every single person he dates this matches with how he explains that every person kind of teaches him new things and develops him as person. The next year when I meet Will, knew what to do. The heart this time was smaller, more compact, and it clipped into place easily, Technology moves fast. Will taught me about educate T seems as though every new heart symbolizes the relationship with the new person, with Anna everything was new and exciting with will everything just seemed to tall into place etc. In the end the main character has been in a committed relationship with grace for 3 years, one day he notices a small notice in the news that says that the heart he is currently using is detect. This would seem to again be a use of symbolism, even though his heart has been broken and defect, he has s till been able to love Grace, it leads him to find out that maybe he doesnt need the rental heart after all, because he can love on his own.